(First Author's Last Name et al.MLA (Modern Language Association) style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities. "Incorporating Spirituality in Primary Care." Journal of Religion and Health, vol. "Title of Article: Subtitle if Any." Name of Journal, vol. Volume Number, no. (Latin for “and others”)įirst Author's Last Name, First Name et al. (First Author's Last Name and Second Author's Last Name Page Number)įor sources with three or more authors, list only the first author’s name followed by the phrase et al. “Surface Reading: An Introduction.” Representations, vol. Name of Database, doi:DOI number/URL/.īest, David, and Sharon Marcus. "Title of Article: Subtitle if Any." Name of Journal, vol. Volume Number, no. Academic Search Premier, doi:10.1177/1048371315626498.įirst Author's Last Name, First Name, and Second Author's First Name Last Name. “Illustrating Motion, Music, and Story.” General Music Today, vol. Place the access date at the end of the entry.Īuthor's Last Name, First Name. Including an access date for an online work may be especially useful if the work lacks a publication date or if you suspect that the work may be altered or removed, which is more common with informal or self-published works. (See the MLA Handbook, eighth edition, pp. However, you may include an access date as an optional element if it will be useful to others. The eighth edition of the MLA Handbook does not require that you include a date of access-the date on which you consulted a work-when you cite an online work from a reliable, stable source. If a DOI is not provided, use the URL instead. Thus, provide the title of the database (italicized) before the DOI or URL. LexisNexis, ProQuest, JSTOR, ScienceDirect) and other subscription services as containers. A container is anything that is a part of a larger body of works.Ĭite online databases (e.g. Examples of containers are collections of short stories or poems, a television series, or even a website. Remember to cite containers after your regular citation.Date you accessed the material (Date Accessed)-While not required, it is highly recommended, especially when dealing with pages that change frequently or do not have a visible copyright date.If you can find a, use that instead of a URL. Look for a “share” or “cite this” button to see if a source includes a. “,” which is a shortened, stable version of a URL.If a DOI is available, cite the DOI number instead of the URL. Many scholarly journal articles found in databases include a DOI (digital object identifier).Publisher information, including the publisher name and publishing date.Any version numbers available, including editions (ed.), revisions, posting dates, volumes (vol.), or issue numbers (no.).Title of the website, project, or book in italics.Author and/or editor names (if available) last names first.However, collect as much of the following information as possible both for your citations and for your research notes: Not every Web page will provide all of the following information. Here are some common features you should try to find before citing electronic sources in MLA style.
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